This is a survey paper on the second largest eigenvalue λ₂ of the adjacency matrix of a graph. Among the topics presented are the graphs with small λ₂, bounds for λ₂, algebraic connectivity, graphs ...

Technical Terms Graph Algorithms: Methods and procedures for solving problems related to graph structures, including optimisation, connectivity, and flow analysis.

Xue Ding, Tiefeng Jiang, SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF ADJACENCY AND LAPLACIAN MATRICES OF RANDOM GRAPHS, The Annals of Applied Probability, Vol. 20, No. 6 (December 2010), pp. 2086-2117 ...